Signifikans och felkällor

Year	Proportion
$2010$	$(27 \pm 3) %$
$2015$	$(36 \pm 3) %$
$2020$	$(41 \pm 3) %$

Year

Proportion

2010

(27 \pm 3) %

2015

(36 \pm 3) %

2020

(41 \pm 3) %

Year	Proportion
$2010$	$24 % - 30 %$
$2015$	$33 % - 39 %$
$2020$	$38 % - 44 %$

Year

Proportion

2010

24 % - 30 %

2015

33 % - 39 %

2020

38 % - 44 %

Have you consumed alcohol in the past week?

a The research group consists of

480

people, out of which

135

responded Yes and

165

responded No, while the rest did not answer. Add

135

and

165

to determine the total number of people who answered the survey.

People who responded 135 + 165 = 300

Next, subtract this number from

480

to calculate the number of people who did not respond to the survey.

People who did not respond 480 - 300 = 180

There are

180

people who did not respond to the survey. Finally, divide this number by the total number of people in the survey group to determine the proportion of people who did not respond to the survey.

\frac{1 8 0}{4 8 0} = 0, 375

This means that

37, 5 %

of the people did not respond to the survey.

b To calculate the proportion of people who answered Yes and No in the survey, consider only the people who responded. Look at the number of people who gave each answer.

Yes : No : 135 people 165 people

Previously, it was determined that

300

people answered the survey. Divide the number of people who chose each answer option by

300

to find their respective percentages.

Yes : No : \frac{1 3 5}{3 0 0} = 0, 45 \frac{1 6 5}{3 0 0} = 0, 55

This means that

45 %

of the people who responded to the survey answered Yes, and

55 %

of the people who responded to the survey answered No.

c The purpose of the survey is to determine the number of people who drank alcohol last week. It was found that

135

people who responded to the survey drank alcohol.

People who responded and consumed alcohol 135 people

It is also given that

75 %

of the non-respondents, or people who did not respond to the survey, also drank alcohol last week. Previously, it was determined that there are

180

people who did not respond to the survey. Multiply that by

0, 75

to find how many in the non-respondent group drank alcohol.

People who did not respond and consumed alcohol 0.75 \cdot 180 = 135 people

The next step is to add the number of people who drank alcohol in both groups to find the total number of such people.

People who consumed alcohol 135 + 135 = 270

Subtract this number from the total number of people in the sample to calculate the number of people who did not drink alcohol last week.

People who did not consume alcohol 480 - 270 = 210

Now, determine the percentage of people who drank and did not drink alcohol last week by dividing the corresponding numbers by

480 .

Drank : Did not drink : \frac{2 7 0}{4 8 0} \approx 0, 56 \frac{2 1 0}{4 8 0} \approx 0, 44

Therefore, approximately

56 %

of the

480

people drank alcohol last week, and

44 %

did not.

Error Type	Description
Selection error	The sample does not represent the population well.
Measurement error	Mistakes caused by unclear questions or inaccurate tools.
Dropout	Participants leave the study or do not respond, which can affect the results.
Interpretation error	Responses are misunderstood or misread.

Error Type

Description

Selection error

The sample does not represent the population well.

Measurement error

Mistakes caused by unclear questions or inaccurate tools.

Dropout

Participants leave the study or do not respond, which can affect the results.

Interpretation error

Responses are misunderstood or misread.

Förkunskaper

Felmarginal

Konfidensintervall

Confidence Interval in an Election Survey

Ledtråd

Lösning

Statistical Significance in Exercise Trends

Ledtråd

Lösning

Urvalsfel

Bortfall

Mätfel

Alcohol Consumption Survey

Svar

Ledtråd

Lösning

Understanding Uncertainty and Accuracy in Data

Signifikans och felkällor

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